Topic: Quantum-kinetic theory of photoluminescence and formation of local fields in a medium: the master equation and spectra radiation

Abstract: There are developedoriginal calculational and theoretical methods for describing the photoluminescence of impurity particles distributed in a continuous dielectric medium. Also discussed the results of calculations of the dynamic of the total photoluminescence intensity and spectral characteristics of the fluorescent particles taking into account the influence of the carrier medium. Considered the collective effects of interaction between the particles-emitters and their environment and other emitters. There are shown the possibilities of forming local fields in the medium and their influence on the generation of excited states of impurity particles and their radiation relaxation. The characteristic changes in the spectral patterns of photoluminescence are studied using examples of dependencies on excitation, emission, and absorption/amplification of a probe signal. In the calculations used several characteristic models of quantum emitters: two-level systems (resonance fluorescence), three-level systems of various types, including configurations of states allowing quantum interference effects and competition of emission transitions. Described the photoluminescence of single emitters, cooperative ensembles of a large number of particles, and quantum-mechanically entangled systems of two particles. Calculations and theoretical analysis were carried out within a single self-sufficient approach based on the formalism of reduced density matrices and correlation matrices of systems connected by the field of radiation. For this purpose, a scheme for constructing chains of Bogoliubov transformations convenient for solving quantum optics problems. The results of the calculational and theoretical analysis were successfully applied to describe phenomena observed in experiments. There was obtained good agreement with the observed dispersion of the lifetimes of excited states of impurity quantum emitters at ultra-low temperatures, shown the possibility of mapping the dielectric characteristics of inhomogeneous materials using the spectra of single impurities, proposed a model of cooperative luminescence of a group of particles describing the anomalous dynamics of photoluminescence of a diamond microcrystal with color centers, and described the observed features of the photoluminescence of a quantum-entangled pair of organic molecules.